DPP9 and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: Altogether, these findings support the relevance of ATP11A and DPP9 in IPF and COVID-19 pathogenesis, but directionality of how associated SNPs impact gene expression may differ in bulk diseased tissues possibly due to the impact of reverse causation of disease on gene expression, changes in cell type proportions, and/or the lack of temporal and spatial resolution.