Although many studies have demonstrated the potential of serum NSE as a prognostic indicator for patients with SAE [16, 39], its sensitivity and specificity remain obscure, mainly because other disorders such as shock [40], hemolysis [41, 42], lung cancer [43, 44], and prostate cancer [45, 46] can also cause elevated serum NSE levels. This evidence concerns the gene ENO2 and lung carcinoma.