As depicted in Fig 8A–8J, the inflammatory cytokines TNFα, IL-4, IL-6, IL-13, IL-10, IL-12 (P40), and IL-12 (P70) along with chemokines including CCL2, CCL3, and CCL5, were significantly elevated in the plasma of c-Flip+/–mice on day 2 post-infection compared that of WT mice. Here, TNF is linked to infection.