AFP and viral hepatitis: The detailed findings and results are graphically presented in Fig 3, leading to the conclusion that immunotherapy combined with anti-angiogenetic agents demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy in patients characterized by positive viral hepatitis status (HR = 0.56, 95% CrI, 0.39–0.77), AFP levels<400 ng/ml (HR = 0.56, 95% CrI, 0.33–0.94), ECOG 1 (HR = 0.57, 95% CrI, 0.36–0.91), presence of extrahepatic spread (EHS) (HR = 0.59, 95% CrI, 0.37–0.92), and BCLC C (HR = 0.63, 95% CrI, 0.42–0.93).