TNC and atherosclerosis: Integrin α9β1 is known to promote neutrophil adhesion and transmigration across the endothelial lining, which at least in part is due to its interaction with multiple ligands, including VCAM-1, tenascin C, and a few more ligands.14 Evidence from murine studies suggested that VCAM-1 contributes to early atherosclerosis.15 Therefore, we examined whether VCAM-1 could be an α9β1 ligand that may potentiate neutrophil adhesion, transmigration, NETosis, and thereby early atherosclerosis.