Furthermore, the majority of insulin-treated patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes experience hypoglycaemic episodes [up to 95% in a UAE population when measured prospectively (39)], which are often managed by eating simple carbohydrates (e.g., sweets) that might be a risk factor for dental caries, especially if the hypoglycaemia is at night. The gene discussed is INS; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.