Both in human and murine models, resistance to PCM has been related to the predominant secretion of Th1 cytokines, such as interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), while the predominance of cytokines with a Th2 profile has been related to severe and progressive disease (Kashino et al., 2000; Souto et al., 2000; Pagliari et al., 2011; Pina et al., 2013). The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is paracoccidioidomycosis.