For example, in case 62 a BRAF V600E mutation was present at near clonal level in one part of the invasive component of the primary tumor (area B in Fig. 4a) and all three areas of two different metastases, but only identified in trace amounts in an adjacent area of the invasive component of primary and the in situ melanoma flanking (area A and MIS in Fig. 4a). This evidence concerns the gene BRAF and in situ carcinoma.