INS and Hepatic steatosis: Transforming growth factor-β-activated kinase-1(TAK1), which belongs to the MAPK kinase kinase (MAP3K) family, is an essential activator of MAPK and NF-κB signaling pathways [23–25], and then promote the signaling cascades of pro-inflammatory cytokines and inhabit insulin signaling pathway, and these pathways contribute to liver inflammation, insulin resistance, and hepatic steatosis, all of which are hallmarks of NAFLD.