As illustrated in Fig. 12N-S, 65% (15/23) of breast cancer patients expressing low TSP50/p-AKT/ALDH1 showed ER positivity, and 50% (11/22) of breast cancer patients expressing low TSP50/p-AKT/ALDH1 also showed PR positivity, with a higher IHC staining level. Here, ALDH1A1 is linked to breast carcinoma.