In addition, we detected a higher expression of HLA-G in human macrophages (as indicated by CD68 positivity) in the lungs of mice after being transplanted with ATB patient-derived PBMCs as compared to that in other two groups of mice, and macrophage expression of HLA-G was markedly increased in each group of human PBMC-transferred mice after infection with Mtb for 4 weeks (Fig. EV5A,B). This evidence concerns the gene HLA-G and infection.