However, in dNK cells, LILRB1-HLA-G signal mediates the activation of AKT pathway to facilitate PBX1-driven pleiotrophin and osteoglycin transcription for promoting fetal development (Zhou et al, 2020), a signaling pathway which is distinct from that of LILRB1-HLA-G axis-driven exhaustion in TB-associated NK cells. The gene discussed is PBX1; the disease is tuberculosis.