AGER and cardiovascular disorder: Research has shown that Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II promotes smooth muscle cell contraction by phosphorylating l-type calcium channels, myosin light chain kinase, and other targets, thereby leading to vasospasm.[38] Furthermore, the calcium signaling pathway exhibits significantly increased activity in patients with CAS, a condition closely related to the occurrence and development of vasospasm.[39] The AGE–RAGE signaling pathway plays a crucial role in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases, particularly those associated with vasospasm.