Complete and overall responses were observed in 10 (28.6%) and 19 (54.3%) patients, and, treatment with ATRA significantly increased the proportion of Treg cells, IL-10 levels, and forkhead box P3 (Foxp3) expression (all three of which were significantly decreased in ITP patients). The gene discussed is FOXP3; the disease is autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura.