In solid tumors, ATRA promotes programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression to modulate immunosurveillance in gastric cancer (GC), ATRA treats breast cancer by reversing the mesenchymal transcription programs, and disruption of ATRA signaling plays a role in driving aberrant behavior in cancer stem cells (Bobal et al., 2021; Ma et al., 2022; Brown, 2023). This evidence concerns the gene CD274 and gastric cancer.