KRAS and lung carcinoma: Common gene mutations in lung cancer include the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1), Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS), serine/threonine-protein kinase b-raf (BRAF), proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase receptor Ret (RET), mesenchymal epithelial transition factor (MET).