NFKB1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: revealed that lycopene can decrease the expression of proteins such as NLRP3, Pro-Caspase-1, Caspase-1, and NF-κB in the liver; decrease the abundance of Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, Desulfovibrio, and Alistipes in the gut microbiota; and increase the abundance of Allobaculum microbiota, thereby increasing the content of SCFAs, inhibiting the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammatory pathway, and ameliorating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).