COVID-19 can induce cytokine storms, such as IL6, IL32, CD83, CCL2, CXCL11, the TNF family (TNFSF9 and the receptor TNFRSF9), and integrin-related genes, which exacerbates COVID-19 related myocarditis and decreases the prognosis of patients requiring ECMO treatment [32–34]. Here, TNF is linked to myocarditis.