Similarly, the graph network analysis showed that areas with high gdc, i.e., a high proportion of closely interacting immune and tumor cells, were high in T-cells, lymphocyte activation markers (CD44, CD40, CD80), dendritic cells (CD11c), but also immune suppressive markers PD-L1, Tim-3, IDO1, and VISTA (Supplementary Fig. 4B, C). Here, VSIR is linked to neoplasm.