The key evidence came from a randomized cross-over study of SU and metformin therapy in HNF1A-diabetes and matched subjects with type 2 diabetes25 and was additionally supported by cohort and case studies demonstrating the initial efficacy of SU at diabetes diagnosis and the possibility of transitioning from insulin therapy after a genetic diagnosis is made, especially when close to diagnosis and when the HbA1c is well controlled23. Here, INS is linked to diabetes mellitus.