CXCL8 and neoplasm: Among the cytokines and chemokines whose abundance was significantly increased, CXCL8 is a widely recognized ligand for CXCR1/2 receptors and has dual pro-tumorigenic effects, including promoting tumour angiogenesis and facilitating tumour cell adhesion across the endothelium through CXCR1/2 receptors47,49.