Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that a significant increase in the activation of DDR-related signaling pathways, including inflammatory bowel disease, the NF-kappa B signaling pathway, the TNF signaling pathway, apoptosis, and the P53 signaling pathway, in the stomach and intestine of DIC pigs with long-term expression of Cas9 protein (Fig. 4d, Supplementary Fig. 10a). Here, TP53 is linked to inflammatory bowel disease.