Our data show that HFD+CKD increased neointima area with no significant changes in media area, leading to an increase in the ratio of neointima/media in WT aortas, and this ratio was significantly suppressed in HFD+CKD CASP11–/– aortas (Figure 3, C–F), suggesting that CASP11 deficiency decreased HFD+CKD-induced neointima hyperplasia. This evidence concerns the gene SCAF11 and chronic kidney disease.