Compared with nontransduced T cells, anti-MSLN CAR-T cells have greater antitumor cytotoxicity, cytokine secretion ability and tumor elimination ability against cancers that highly express MSLN, including TNBC [26], ovarian cancer [64], cholangiocarcinoma [65], gastric cancer [66], cervical cancer [28], bowel cancer, head and neck cancer, and colorectal cancer [67]. This evidence concerns the gene MSLN and cholangiocarcinoma.