To determine whether TDP‐43 is functionally involved in ESCC development, we employed lentiviral transduction strategies to either up‐ or down‐regulate TDP‐43 expression in KYSE‐450 and KYSE‐510 cells (Figure 2A,B; Figure S2A,B, Supporting Information). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.