Consistently, clone formation of ESCC cells was suppressed after knocking‐down TDP‐43 expression (all P < 0.001) (Figure 2E); while reinforced clonogenicity of ESCC cells was found after ectopic TDP‐43 expression (both P < 0.01) (Figure 2F). This evidence concerns the gene TARDBP and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.