For instance, inulin can exert beneficial effects on NAFLD by modulating the gut microbiota and inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide-toll-like receptor 4-myeloid differentiation primary response 88-nuclear factor-kappa B-nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 pathway along the gut-liver axis in mice (Bao et al., 2020). This evidence concerns the gene TLR4 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.