Similarly, lycopene demonstrates therapeutic effects on NAFLD in high-fat high-fructose diet-fed mice by declining the levels of pro-caspase-1 and caspase-1 in the liver, thereby modulating the NF-κB/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway and gut microbiota composition (Gao et al., 2023). This evidence concerns the gene CASP1 and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.