With the use of CRP-based eligibility criteria, one-quarter to two-thirds of symptomatic patients could be eligible for same-day ART, depending on the CRP threshold used, with a 3- to 20-fold reduction in the proportion of patients with undiagnosed TB at ART initiation, compared with the WHO strategy of same-day ART before completion of TB testing. The gene discussed is CRP; the disease is tuberculosis.