Nonetheless,in a study of DSS-induced colitis in rats, treatment for 4 weeks withoral capsaicin 12 mg/kg reduced increased levels of IL-17A and INF-γ,which was not in agreement with our study.33 In addition to the differences between animal models, capsaicinadministration route, and study extent, colitis induced was more severein the study by Lian et al.,33 since theanimals received DSS at a concentration of 5% in contrast to our mildercolitis induced with 1.5% DSS. This evidence concerns the gene IL17A and colitis.