HMOX1 and acute kidney injury: Research indicates that it can alleviate kidney tissue lesions and mitochondrial damage in mice, reducing inflammatory responses (180); Furthermore, by promoting Nrf2 expression and activating HO-1, it significantly reduces ROS levels and MDA content in the kidneys of AKI rats, increases levels of GSH, GPX4, and other anti-ferroptosis proteins, markedly reduces the number of apoptotic cells in the kidneys and renal tubular epithelial cells of model rats, and promote the expression levels of pro-apoptotic proteins, thereby protecting the kidneys (181).