In mouse models of melanoma and breast cancer, activated pDCs can directly kill tumor cells through TRAIL and GrB expression [15, 154] and were also able to recruit and activate NK cells and cross-prime cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) [155], leading to tumor clearance; however, the direct antitumor effector functions of human pDCs should be explored. The gene discussed is GZMB; the disease is neoplasm.