The study observed inverse correlations between serum SHBG levels and various nutritional indices, including BMI, serum albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin, with lower levels of serum albumin, prealbumin, and transferrin, alongside higher serum SHBG levels, being indicative of the risk of malnutrition in individuals with T2DM. The gene discussed is ALB; the disease is type 2 diabetes mellitus.