GDF15 and atherosclerosis: In model 2, the adjusted ORs (95%CIs) of atherosclerosis were 1.93 (1.08, 3.46) for high GDF-15 and 0.84 (0.36, 1.92) for low GDF-15, while in model 3, the corresponding values were 2.07 (1.12, 3.82) and 0.82 (0.35, 1.87).