PDCD1 and hepatocellular carcinoma: As PD-L1 was regulated by the JAK/STAT pathway [43], and upregulated PD-L1 expression in the TME provides an opportunity for anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 therapy [44], we wondered whether inhibiting TNKS1BP1 could enhance the effect of anti-PD-L1 therapy in HCC by upregulating PD-L1 expression.