IGF1R and Ventricular hypertrophy: To investigate the atrial phenotype of cardiomyocyte-specific Tg mice with physiological cardiac hypertrophy induced by overexpression of the IGF1R (IGF1R Tg), or pathological cardiac remodelling induced by expression of dnPI3K to reduce PI3K activity in a mouse model of DCM (DCM-dnPI3K Tg), we first confirmed the presence of ventricular hypertrophy and remodelling in our experimental cohort.