KL and digestive system neoplasm: Integrated lactylome analysis further revealed that the connections and alterations in key functional pathways are affected by dysregulated Kla modifications in GI cancer, including chromobox 3 (CBX3), a member of the heterochromatin protein family that plays a vital role in gene transcriptional regulation.[17] Notably, CBX3 lactylation at lysine 10 (CBX3 K10la) was confirmed to be dramatically upregulated in GI cancers, and functional analysis revealed that CBX3 K10la is instrumental in regulating gene expression and the malignancy of GI tumors.