CCL5 and tuberculosis: CCL1 is induced by MTB and TLR ligands in macrophages (Zhao et al., 2015). CCL1 induces the migration of human monocytes (Miller & Krangel, 1992) and mediates TH2 cell and T regulatory cell trafficking (Griffith et al., 2014). CCL1 as part of a four‐biomarker signature (along with RANTES, CRP, and MIP‐1α) was relatively specific in distinguishing active TB from latent TB (Chendi et al., 2021; Wei et al., 2015). CCL1 polymorphisms may be associated with increased susceptibility to certain forms of TB (Thuong et al., 2008).