○ (C + A):○ The combination of chemotherapy and angiogenesis inhibitors significantly  improved PFS compared to chemotherapy alone.○ Median PFS: 5.63 months (C + A) vs. 4.03 months (C).○ Hazard ratio: 0.64, confidence interval: 0.46–0.88 (p = 0.006).○ (C + I):○ The addition of immune checkpoint inhibitors did not demonstrate a PFS  advantage compared to either C + A or C.○ This was observed despite considerations such as PD-L1 expression or tumor  mutational burden.○ Molecular insights:○ KEGG analysis revealed a common upregulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway  signaling in HER2-altered NSCLC. Here, ERBB2 is linked to non-small cell lung carcinoma.