The upregulation of key enzymes such as gamma-glutamyltransferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione gamma-glutamate hydrolase, and glutathione S-transferase in response to IMOs treatment suggests an enhanced antioxidant response and detoxification capacity in rat livers, which is particularly relevant for individuals with diabetes and hyperlipidemia. This evidence concerns the gene HPGDS and diabetes mellitus.