qRT-PCR results showed that CXCL9 (P < 0.05), IL2RB (P < 0.05), OAS1 (P < 0.05), OAS2 (P < 0.01), and SPP1 (P < 0.01) were significantly up-regulated in the AS model, while CXCL9 (P < 0.01), IL2RB (P < 0.05), and SPP1 (P < 0.01) were significantly up-regulated in the NASH model (Fig. 6G,H). Here, SPP1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis.