HLA-C and cancer: Genomic instability and mutations are fundamental characteristics of tumorigenesis, enabling the hallmark capabilities of cancer, including the maintenance of proliferative signaling and resistance to cell death.271 Concurrently, mutations can generate aberrant peptides that are presented by the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), which may activate anti-tumor adaptive immunity by lymphocytes.272,273 This process underlies the principle of neoantigens and cancer vaccines.