The degree of specific 3D LA remodeling patterns was associated with the degree of congestion and postcapillary pulmonary hypertension demonstrated by correlations of LAHS with NT-proBNP (N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; r=−0.53; P<0.001) and pulmonary artery pressure (rest: r=−0.53, P<0.001; stress: r=−0.48, P<0.001), as well as PCWP (rest: r=−0.63, P<0.001; stress: r=−0.52, P<0.001) at rest and during exercise-stress. Here, NPPB is linked to pulmonary arterial hypertension.