Since it has been shown that CX3CL1 enhances efferocytosis of apoptotic thymocytes (34), it is conceivable that the presence of CX3CL1 in the prophylactic vaccine may lead to increased recruitment of phagocytes and clearance of dying cancer cells, consequently culminating in an overall improved anti-tumour immunity. Here, CX3CL1 is linked to neoplasm.