MMP9 and posterior cortical atrophy: Ex vivo co-culture experiments using explants of PPAT and PCa cells reinforced the role of PPAT in aggravating tumour aggressiveness, as the expression of adhesion and proliferative-related genes (MMP-9 and TWIST1 (Twist Family BHLH Transcription Factor 1), lipid uptake, and lipid accumulation were increased in co-cultured PCa cells [15].