It is suggested that concurrent radio- immunotherapy, generally applied in most HNSCC trials, might potentially be counter-effective as tissue-resident immune cells are irradiated during the course of treatment and thereby die as a result. We and others show that PD-L1 and MHC-I are upregulated at least up to 10 days post irradiation [11]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.