VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: To further validate these findings, we examined the effect of USP43 loss in clear cell renal carcinoma cell (ccRCC) lines that have constitutive activation of both HIF-1 and HIF-2 (RCC4 cells, HIF-1α+, HIF-2α+ and VHL−), or only encode HIF-2α (786-0 cells, HIF-1α−, HIF-2α+ and VHL−).