Itraconazole may counteract lung fibrosis induced by BLM through decreasing oxidative stress, modulating the HMGB1, TLR4 NLRP3 and NF-κB signaling, and affecting the balance between autophagy and apoptosis (Elkhoely et al. 2023). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is pulmonary fibrosis.