INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Furthermore, a plethora of studies utilizing various animal models of obesity and insulin resistance consistently demonstrates that treatment with the BCKDK inhibitor 3,6-dichlorobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylic acid, commonly referred to as BT2, enhances BCAA oxidation, reduces circulating BCAA and BCKA levels, and notably improves glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity [27, 44, 45, 55].