Another electrochemical sensor for the detection of periodontal diseases was developed by Joe et al.79 This POCT was first validated by the detection of known protein biomarkers for other diseases (cardiovascular diseases and type 2 diabetes), and it was then modified for use in an aptamer-based sandwich-type electrochemical biosensor capable of detecting human odontogenic ameloblast-associated protein (ODAM) in saliva. The gene discussed is ODAM; the disease is cardiovascular disorder.