INS and polycystic ovary syndrome: In a RCT involving women with PCOS and obesity, a modified hypocaloric diet with high protein and low glycemic load, compared to a conventional hypocaloric diet, led to reductions in insulin, HOMA-IR (a marker of IR), and androgens, with an increase in sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), in the absence of insulin-sensitizing agents usage (59).