In conclusion, IL-12 enhances anti-tumor efficacy and reverses osimertinib resistance through various mechanisms, including increased immune cell infiltration, reduced immunosuppressive MDSCs, enhanced immune cell granzyme and IFN-γ release, decreased PDL-1 expression, improved tumor microenvironment, restored immune surveillance, and heightened cancer cell sensitivity to osimertinib. The gene discussed is IFNG; the disease is neoplasm.