The Hsp70 family members appear to be amongst the most abundant components of the sperm surface (Miller et al., 1992; Kamaruddin et al., 2004; Purandhar et al., 2014) and their altered expression, e.g., of Hsp70-2 could be associated with the pathogenesis of male infertility (Feng et al., 2001; Purandhar et al., 2014). The gene discussed is HSPA4; the disease is male infertility.