Importantly, the correlation analysis results showed that the H-scores of TGF-β1 (P = 0.0007, r = − 0.3970) and TGF-β3 (P = 0.0011, r = − 0.3823) showed a significantly negative linear correlation with CD8+ tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in the tumor area (Fig. 1H–J). Here, TGFB3 is linked to neoplasm.